International Journal of Dental Sciences

Authors
Mohammad Ali, Shammi Akter

Abstract
Background: Oral and dental diseases such as dental caries and its sequelae, periodontal diseases are still major public health problems worldwide, but more in developing countries. In context with Bangladesh due to lack of research and evidence in this field, a baseline data regarding the occurrence of oral diseases has been seen to be necessary in order to plan any community oriented preventive programs. Objective: To find out Pattern of oral and dental diseases among children attending Dental Department in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based study carryout among 443 children (242 males and 201 females) attending in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital. All the new patients attending to dental OPD with the complained of oral and dental problems were included in this study. Old patients and those who were not willing to participate in the clinical examination for study were excluded from the study. The study period was June 2019 to August 2019. Results: The study was carried out among (443) children were 242 (54.6%) males and 201 (45.4%) females, a male-female ratio of 1.2:1. The age range of children were 224 (50.6%) below the age of 5 years, 200 (45.1%) at the age of 5-10 years and 19(4.3%) above 10 years. Out of 443 children 157 (22.7%) showed presence of dental caries, 138 (19.9%) had grossly destructed carious teeth, 79 (11.5%) had dentoalveolar abscess, 53 (7.7%) had retained broken root, 52(7.6%) were suffering from pulpitis, 108 (15.7%) of the children presented with stomatitis, 34 (4.8%) had retained deciduous teeth, 24(3.5%) geographical tongue, 24(3.5%) oral thrush, 7(1.0%) gingivitis, 7(1.0%) presented with traumatic injury of tooth, soft tissue and bony tissue, 4(0.5%) had pericoronitis, 1(0.1%) had natal tooth and 4(0.5%) were others like extra oral swelling, apthus ulcer, mucoceale. Conclusion: Dental caries and its sequelae was the most predominant disease in the children followed by oral mucosal diseases. Oral health promotion and planning programs directed towards the oral health should be conducted at regular intervals.