Primary teeth are as important as permanent teeth and should be maintained dental arch until physiological exfoliation. Premature loss of primary teeth may cause changes in the chronology and sequences in eruption of permanent teeth. Therefore, primary teeth with pulpitis or necrosis should be considered for endodontic treatment. Pulpectomy is the choice of treatment for cariously involved primary teeth. Root canal preparation is one of the most important phases of pulpectomy in primary teeth which is mainly aimed at debridement of the canals. Present review literature highlights on the different rotary file systems for root canal preparation in the primary teeth.