Background: A smooth and well-contoured alveolar ridge is vital for prosthetic rehabilitation. Secondary alveoloplasty, often performed post-healing, corrects bony irregularities to facilitate this process. The conventional scalpel, although widely used, is associated with excessive intraoperative bleeding and compromised visibility. The microdissection needle (MN), an electrosurgical tool, offers promising advantages in precision, haemostasis, and tissue preservation.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of MN and conventional scalpel in secondary alveoloplasty with respect to incision time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative pain, and wound healing.

Methods: Forty patients indicated for secondary alveoloplasty were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 (MN) and Group 2 (scalpel), each comprising 20 patients. Intraoral mucoperiosteal flap elevation and alveoloplasty were performed under local anaesthesia. Cutting time, blood loss (gauze weight method), postoperative pain (VAS at 24, 48, 72 hrs), and soft tissue healing (Landry’s index at days 7, 14, and 30) were assessed.

Results: MN group showed significantly reduced incision time (5.40s vs 12.20s, p<0.001) and intraoperative bleeding (10.51g vs 23.81g, p<0.001). Postoperative pain was marginally lower in MN group (VAS: 0.95 vs 1.30, p=0.221). Healing scores on Day 7 were better in MN group (2.75 vs 4.60, p<0.001); however, differences at Days 14 and 30 were not statistically significant.