AIM: To evaluate and compare the apical debris extrusion in human mandibular molars instrumented with two different instrumentation; with and without irrigants activation.

Method: A total of 60 extracted human mandibular molars were sectioned and randomised into 4 groups, rotary without sonic activation 1A,rotary with sonic activation1b,reciprocation without sonic activation2A and reciprocation with sonic activation2B instrumentation was done with copious irrigation of 5ml of saline and active according to manufacturer instruction with the section samples mounted in Myers and Montgomery following instrumentation apically extruded debris were collected and dried in Eppendorf tubes are weighed using electronic microbalance, extruded debris weight was calculated by subtracting the weight of Eppendorf tubes with extruded debris from the mean weight of empty Eppendorf tubes, results were tabulated and The data follows Non Normal distribution. Hence Non parametric tests of significance were applied. Kruskal Wallis Anova test was applied for comparison between 4 groups; Comparison between 2 groups was analysed using Mann Whitney U test. A p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant and p<0.01 as highly significant.

Results: Rotary instrumentation with protaper gold resulted in higher debris extrusion compared with reciprocation, irrigant activation increased the debris extrusion, irrigant activation resulted in increased debris extrusion.