Introduction: Oral and dental health is an essential component of overall health, as it plays a vital role in speech, mastication, and aesthetics. One of the common issues, particularly among the elderly, is tooth loss, which can significantly reduce quality of life. The use of removable dentures, such as complete dentures and removable partial dentures, serves as a solution to restore oral function and aesthetics. However, their utilization remains low. Patient motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, plays a key role in shaping treatment adherence, which is a determining factor in treatment success. Therefore, it is important to examine the extent to which motivation influences patient adherence to removable denture treatment.

Methods: This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 77 patients undergoing removable denture treatment at the Teaching Dental and Oral Hospital of Universitas Jember during May–June 2025 were selected using purposive sampling. The instruments used included a questionnaire to assess motivation and a checklist to measure adherence. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.

Results: The analysis showed a significant correlation between motivation and patient adherence in undergoing removable denture treatment, with a moderate level of association.